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Tourmaline

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Tourmaline is a semi-precious stone that can be found in a variety of colors based on the presence of iron, magnesium, or lithium. This tri-colored tourmaline is a result of impurity atoms that were incorporated while the crystal was forming.

Tourmaline's chemical structure is complex, but is generally written as X(Y,Z)₃Z₆(BO₃)₃(Si₆O₁₈)(OH)₄.

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  • 6 cm W x 2 cm H x 2 cm L
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Science History Institute. Tourmaline. Photograph, 2025. Science History Institute. Philadelphia. https://digital.sciencehistory.org/works/c3g90dw.

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The Science History Institute recognizes there are materials in our collections that may be offensive or harmful, containing racist, sexist, Eurocentric, ableist, or homophobic language or depictions. The history of science is not exempt from beliefs or practices harmful to traditionally marginalized groups. The Institute is engaged in ongoing efforts to responsibly present and address the evidence of oppression and injustice inextricable from the history of science. If you would like to learn more about our ongoing efforts or if you encounter harmful, inaccurate, or insufficient descriptions, please contact us at digital@sciencehistory.org.